Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (<i>Ensete ventricosum</i>) Decorticator

Merga Workesa; Abebe Fanta; Girma Gebresenbet; Ashenafi Chaka

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12

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Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator

Merga Workesa, Abebe Fanta, Girma Gebresenbet, Ashenafi Chaka

Published in American Journal of Applied Scientific Research (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 27 December 2020 Accepted: 20 January 2021 Published: 1 April 2021

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Abstract

Warqe processing is carried out dominantly by women using traditional tools such as a bamboo scraper, serrated wooden tool and metal knife where losses in quality and quantity are exceptionally high. Above all, the traditional way of warqe processing causes physically drudgery among the rural women. In an effort to alleviate the problem, an engine is driven warqe decorticating machine was designed, constructed, tested and evaluated at field conditions. The performance evaluation of the machine was made in terms of decorticating capacity, decorticating efficiency, percentage pulp loss, and fuel consumption. The performance evaluation was carried out at three levels of drum speeds (850, 950 and 1050 rpm), concave clearances (1, 3 and 6 mm) and feeding rates (0.037, 0.056 and 0.074 kg/s, these are based on the feeding rates of 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 kg/27s) to determine the optimum combination of the same. The experimental design laid was factorial, in the split-split plot. The maximum decorticating capacity of 255.38 kg/hr was obtained at a drum speed of 850 rpm, concave clearance of 1 mm and feeding rate of 0.074 kg/s. The decorticating efficiency and percentage un-decorticated pulp highly depended on concave clearance rather than other factors. Maximum decorticating efficiency 98.97% and minimum pulp loss of 1.03% were achieved at drum beater speed of 850 rpm and concave clearance of 1mm. The production cost of the decorticator was found to be 28,322.00 Birr. The total operating cost of the decorticator estimated to be, 48,925.38 Birr and the payback period and benefit-cost ratio of the prototype decorticating machine were estimated to be 0.90 years and 1.64, respectively.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Scientific Research (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12
Page(s)	8-14
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Benefit-cost Ratio, Decorticating Capacity, Decorticating Efficiency, Fuel Consumption, Leaf Sheath, Payback Period, Warqe

References

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[2]	Ashanafi Chaka, Taddese Kenea and Girma Gebresenbet. 2016. Supply and Value Chain Analyses of Warqe Food Products in Relation to Post-harvest Losses, Swedish University Agricultural Sciences, Department of Energy and Technology, Uppsala.
[3]	Brandt, S. A., Spring, A., Hiebsch C., Mccabe J. T., Tabogie E., Diro, Wolde-Michael., Yntiso G., Shigeta, M. and Tesfaye. (1997). Tree against hunger. Enset-based agricultural systems in Ethiopia. American Association for the Advancement of Science.
[4]	Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency (ECSA). 2014. Agricultural Sample Survey 2013/2014 (2006 E. C.) Volume I, 532 Statistical Bulletin, Report on Area and Production of Major Crops private Peasant Holdings, Meher Season, viewed 26 March 2017 http://www.csa.gov.et/images/general/news/area and production 20:2013_2014.
[5]	Katie, Macentee, Jennifer, T. and Sirawdink Fikreyesus. 2013. ‘Enset is a Good Thing, Gender and Enset in Jimma', 109, 103–9.
[6]	Kelbasa Urga, Ayele Negatu and Meleku Umeta. 1993. Traditional based foods: survey of processing techniques in Sidama. In Proceedings of International workshop on held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 13-20 December, 1993. pp 305-313.
[7]	Maduako, J. N., Mathias, M. and Vanke, I. 2006. Testing of an Engine Powered groundnut Shelling Machine. Journal of Agricultural Engineering and Technology (JAET).
[8]	National Research Council. 2006. Lost Crops of Africa: Volume II: Vegetables. National Academies Press 500 Fifth Street, N. W. Washington, Dc 20001.
[9]	Ojha, T. P. and Michael, A. M. 2009. Principles of Agricultural Engineering Volume-I, Jain Brothers, New Delhi, India.
[10]	Reddy, Sastry, R., and Devi. 2003. Agril. Econo., Oxford and IBH Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, India. 41: 474-479.
[11]	Genet, B.; Hilde, N.; Endashaw, B., 2004. Distniction between wild and cultivated enset (Enset ventricosum) gene pools in Ethiopia using RAPD markers Heriditas 140: 139-148. Lund, Sweden.
[12]	http://www.sidamaconcern.com/country/wesse_research.htm, accessed 25 December 2018.
[13]	Sodo Rural Technology promotion Center, 2010. Enset Food Preparation Devices, Training Manual. Sodo.
[14]	Asfaw. 2012. Assessment of performance and adoption of improved enset processing technologies, van Hall Larenstein University of applied sciences, Netherlands
[15]	Onyenwoke, C. A. and Simonyan, K. J. (2014). Cassava post-harvest processing and storage in Nigeria. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 9 (53): 3853–3863.
[16]	Tsegaye, A., and Struik, P. C. (2001). Enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) kocho yield under different crop establishment methods as compared to yields of other carbohydrate-rich food crops. NJAS-Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 49 (1): 81–94.
[17]	Habte T. K., Abegaz K. A., and Negera E. G. (2013). The microbiology of Kocho: An Ethiopian Traditionally fermented food fromEnset (Ensete ventricosum). International Journal of Life Sciences, 8 (1): 7-13.
[18]	Tadele, Z. (2009). Role of orphan crops in enhancing and diversifying food production in Africa. In African Technological Developmental Forum Journal, 6: 9–15.

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APA Style

Merga Workesa, Abebe Fanta, Girma Gebresenbet, Ashenafi Chaka. (2021). Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator. American Journal of Applied Scientific Research, 7(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12

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ACS Style

Merga Workesa; Abebe Fanta; Girma Gebresenbet; Ashenafi Chaka. Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator. Am. J. Appl. Sci. Res. 2021, 7(1), 8-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12

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AMA Style

Merga Workesa, Abebe Fanta, Girma Gebresenbet, Ashenafi Chaka. Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator. Am J Appl Sci Res. 2021;7(1):8-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12,
  author = {Merga Workesa and Abebe Fanta and Girma Gebresenbet and Ashenafi Chaka},
  title = {Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Scientific Research},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-14},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajasr.20210701.12},
  abstract = {Warqe processing is carried out dominantly by women using traditional tools such as a bamboo scraper, serrated wooden tool and metal knife where losses in quality and quantity are exceptionally high. Above all, the traditional way of warqe processing causes physically drudgery among the rural women. In an effort to alleviate the problem, an engine is driven warqe decorticating machine was designed, constructed, tested and evaluated at field conditions. The performance evaluation of the machine was made in terms of decorticating capacity, decorticating efficiency, percentage pulp loss, and fuel consumption. The performance evaluation was carried out at three levels of drum speeds (850, 950 and 1050 rpm), concave clearances (1, 3 and 6 mm) and feeding rates (0.037, 0.056 and 0.074 kg/s, these are based on the feeding rates of 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 kg/27s) to determine the optimum combination of the same. The experimental design laid was factorial, in the split-split plot. The maximum decorticating capacity of 255.38 kg/hr was obtained at a drum speed of 850 rpm, concave clearance of 1 mm and feeding rate of 0.074 kg/s. The decorticating efficiency and percentage un-decorticated pulp highly depended on concave clearance rather than other factors. Maximum decorticating efficiency 98.97% and minimum pulp loss of 1.03% were achieved at drum beater speed of 850 rpm and concave clearance of 1mm. The production cost of the decorticator was found to be 28,322.00 Birr. The total operating cost of the decorticator estimated to be, 48,925.38 Birr and the payback period and benefit-cost ratio of the prototype decorticating machine were estimated to be 0.90 years and 1.64, respectively.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator
AU  - Merga Workesa
AU  - Abebe Fanta
AU  - Girma Gebresenbet
AU  - Ashenafi Chaka
Y1  - 2021/04/01
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
JF  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
JO  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
SP  - 8
EP  - 14
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-9730
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12
AB  - Warqe processing is carried out dominantly by women using traditional tools such as a bamboo scraper, serrated wooden tool and metal knife where losses in quality and quantity are exceptionally high. Above all, the traditional way of warqe processing causes physically drudgery among the rural women. In an effort to alleviate the problem, an engine is driven warqe decorticating machine was designed, constructed, tested and evaluated at field conditions. The performance evaluation of the machine was made in terms of decorticating capacity, decorticating efficiency, percentage pulp loss, and fuel consumption. The performance evaluation was carried out at three levels of drum speeds (850, 950 and 1050 rpm), concave clearances (1, 3 and 6 mm) and feeding rates (0.037, 0.056 and 0.074 kg/s, these are based on the feeding rates of 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 kg/27s) to determine the optimum combination of the same. The experimental design laid was factorial, in the split-split plot. The maximum decorticating capacity of 255.38 kg/hr was obtained at a drum speed of 850 rpm, concave clearance of 1 mm and feeding rate of 0.074 kg/s. The decorticating efficiency and percentage un-decorticated pulp highly depended on concave clearance rather than other factors. Maximum decorticating efficiency 98.97% and minimum pulp loss of 1.03% were achieved at drum beater speed of 850 rpm and concave clearance of 1mm. The production cost of the decorticator was found to be 28,322.00 Birr. The total operating cost of the decorticator estimated to be, 48,925.38 Birr and the payback period and benefit-cost ratio of the prototype decorticating machine were estimated to be 0.90 years and 1.64, respectively.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Merga Workesa

Agricultural Machinery and Farm Power Engineering, Bako Agricultural Engineering Research Center, Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Bako, Ethiopia
Abebe Fanta

Department of Agricultural Engineering, Haramaya University Institute of Technology, Haramaya, Ethiopia
Girma Gebresenbet

Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
Ashenafi Chaka

Department of Agriculture, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Merga Workesa, Abebe Fanta, Girma Gebresenbet, Ashenafi Chaka. (2021). Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator. American Journal of Applied Scientific Research, 7(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12

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ACS Style

Merga Workesa; Abebe Fanta; Girma Gebresenbet; Ashenafi Chaka. Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator. Am. J. Appl. Sci. Res. 2021, 7(1), 8-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12

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AMA Style

Merga Workesa, Abebe Fanta, Girma Gebresenbet, Ashenafi Chaka. Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator. Am J Appl Sci Res. 2021;7(1):8-14. doi: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12,
  author = {Merga Workesa and Abebe Fanta and Girma Gebresenbet and Ashenafi Chaka},
  title = {Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Scientific Research},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-14},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajasr.20210701.12},
  abstract = {Warqe processing is carried out dominantly by women using traditional tools such as a bamboo scraper, serrated wooden tool and metal knife where losses in quality and quantity are exceptionally high. Above all, the traditional way of warqe processing causes physically drudgery among the rural women. In an effort to alleviate the problem, an engine is driven warqe decorticating machine was designed, constructed, tested and evaluated at field conditions. The performance evaluation of the machine was made in terms of decorticating capacity, decorticating efficiency, percentage pulp loss, and fuel consumption. The performance evaluation was carried out at three levels of drum speeds (850, 950 and 1050 rpm), concave clearances (1, 3 and 6 mm) and feeding rates (0.037, 0.056 and 0.074 kg/s, these are based on the feeding rates of 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 kg/27s) to determine the optimum combination of the same. The experimental design laid was factorial, in the split-split plot. The maximum decorticating capacity of 255.38 kg/hr was obtained at a drum speed of 850 rpm, concave clearance of 1 mm and feeding rate of 0.074 kg/s. The decorticating efficiency and percentage un-decorticated pulp highly depended on concave clearance rather than other factors. Maximum decorticating efficiency 98.97% and minimum pulp loss of 1.03% were achieved at drum beater speed of 850 rpm and concave clearance of 1mm. The production cost of the decorticator was found to be 28,322.00 Birr. The total operating cost of the decorticator estimated to be, 48,925.38 Birr and the payback period and benefit-cost ratio of the prototype decorticating machine were estimated to be 0.90 years and 1.64, respectively.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Test and Performance Evaluation of Engine Driven Warqe (Ensete ventricosum) Decorticator
AU  - Merga Workesa
AU  - Abebe Fanta
AU  - Girma Gebresenbet
AU  - Ashenafi Chaka
Y1  - 2021/04/01
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
JF  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
JO  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
SP  - 8
EP  - 14
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-9730
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20210701.12
AB  - Warqe processing is carried out dominantly by women using traditional tools such as a bamboo scraper, serrated wooden tool and metal knife where losses in quality and quantity are exceptionally high. Above all, the traditional way of warqe processing causes physically drudgery among the rural women. In an effort to alleviate the problem, an engine is driven warqe decorticating machine was designed, constructed, tested and evaluated at field conditions. The performance evaluation of the machine was made in terms of decorticating capacity, decorticating efficiency, percentage pulp loss, and fuel consumption. The performance evaluation was carried out at three levels of drum speeds (850, 950 and 1050 rpm), concave clearances (1, 3 and 6 mm) and feeding rates (0.037, 0.056 and 0.074 kg/s, these are based on the feeding rates of 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 kg/27s) to determine the optimum combination of the same. The experimental design laid was factorial, in the split-split plot. The maximum decorticating capacity of 255.38 kg/hr was obtained at a drum speed of 850 rpm, concave clearance of 1 mm and feeding rate of 0.074 kg/s. The decorticating efficiency and percentage un-decorticated pulp highly depended on concave clearance rather than other factors. Maximum decorticating efficiency 98.97% and minimum pulp loss of 1.03% were achieved at drum beater speed of 850 rpm and concave clearance of 1mm. The production cost of the decorticator was found to be 28,322.00 Birr. The total operating cost of the decorticator estimated to be, 48,925.38 Birr and the payback period and benefit-cost ratio of the prototype decorticating machine were estimated to be 0.90 years and 1.64, respectively.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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